Allergy Awareness: Understanding and Managing Your Symptoms

What is an Allergy?

An allergy is an overreaction of your immune system to a normally harmless substance, known as an allergen. When you’re exposed to an allergen, your immune system mistakenly identifies it as a threat and releases chemicals to fight it off. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, depending on the allergen and the individual.

Common Allergens:

Inhalants: Pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold spores
Foods: Dairy, eggs, nuts, shellfish, wheat, soy
Medications: Penicillin, aspirin, other drugs
Insect stings: Bee, wasp, hornet, ant

Common Allergy Symptoms:

Seasonal Allergies (Hay Fever): Sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, congestion
Food Allergies: Skin rash, hives, swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat, digestive issues
Drug Allergies: Rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing

Managing Allergies:

Allergen Avoidance:
    Identify and avoid triggers.
    Keep your home clean and dust-free.
    Use air purifiers and dehumidifiers.
    Wash bedding regularly in hot water.

Over-the-Counter Medications:
    Antihistamines to relieve sneezing, itching, and runny nose.
    Decongestants to reduce congestion.
    Nasal corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.

Prescription Medications:
    Stronger antihistamines and corticosteroids for severe allergies.
    Allergy shots (immunotherapy) to gradually desensitize your immune system to allergens.

Lifestyle Changes:
    Regular exercise can help boost your immune system.
    A healthy diet can reduce inflammation.
    Adequate sleep can improve your body's ability to fight allergies.

When to Seek Medical Attention:

Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis): Difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, rapid pulse, dizziness, or loss of consciousness.
Persistent or worsening symptoms.
New or unusual allergy symptoms.

If you’re experiencing allergy symptoms, consult with an allergist to get a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Early diagnosis and management can help improve your quality of life and prevent serious complications.